SPECIFIC INHIBITION OF WHEAL-AND-ERYTHEMA RESPONSES WITH UNIVALENT HAPTENS AND UNIVALENT ANTIBODY FRAGMENTS

Specific Inhibition of Wheal-and-erythema Responses with Univalent Haptens and Univalent Antibody Fragments

Wheal-and-erythema responses were studied in normal human volunteers and in a single human subject who is sensitive to the 2,4-dinitrophenyl group. In the normal subjects, reactive skin sites were established by intradermal injection of purified rabbit antibody specific for the 2,4-dinitrophenyl group. In both the active and passively sensitized subjects, wheal-and-erythema was elicited by intr...

Wheal - and - Erythema Responses W I T H Univalent Haptens and Univalent Antibody Fragments

According to current immunologic doctrine, the specificity of allergic whealand-erythema responses in human skin is determined by soluble antibodies; e.g., those which occur in serum and in extravascular fluid. Not all antigen-antibody systems appear to be competent, however, to incite this response and the basis for the competency of some systems, and for the incompetency of others, has yet to...

Univalent Functions with Univalent Derivatives. Ii

Unfolding and Renaturation of a Univalent Antihapten Antibody Fragment.

It has been shown in an earlier paper from this laboratory (1) that a univalent active fragment, obtained from rabbit antibody directed against bovine serum albumin, can spontaneously regain its original physical properties, and most of its original biological activity, after being fully unfolded. The unfolding agent used was concentrated guanidine hydrochloride. Several independent measurement...

Cell adhesion molecules: detection with univalent second antibody

Identification of cell surface molecules that play a role in cell-cell adhesion (here called cell adhesion molecules) has been achieved by demonstrating the inhibitory effect of univalent antibodies that bind these molecules in an in vitro assay of cell-cell adhesion. A more convenient reagent, intact (divalent) antibody, has been avoided because it might agglutinate the cells rather than block...